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Beginning STM32 - Developing with FreeRTOS, libopencm3 and GCC
von: Warren Gay
Apress, 2018
ISBN: 9781484236246 , 418 Seiten
Format: PDF, Online Lesen
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen
Preis: 56,99 EUR
eBook anfordern 
Table of Contents
5
About the Author
18
About the Technical Reviewer
19
Chapter 1: Introduction
20
STM32F103C8T6
21
FreeRTOS
24
libopencm3
24
No Arduino
25
No IDE
25
Development Framework
26
Assumptions About You
26
What You Need
27
ST-Link V2 Programming Unit
27
Breadboard
28
DuPont (Jumper) Wires
29
0.1 uF Bypass Capacitors
30
USB TTL Serial Adapter
31
Power Supply
33
Small Stuff
34
Summary
35
Chapter 2: Software Setup
36
Directory Conventions Used
36
Operating Software
36
Book Software
37
libopencm3
37
FreeRTOS
38
38
38
ARM Cross Compiler
39
Build the Software
42
ST-Link Tool
43
Summary
44
Chapter 3: Power Up and Blink
45
Power
45
+3.3V Regulator
47
USB Power/+5V
48
+3.3V Supply
48
One Power Source Rule
49
Ground
50
Reset
50
Showtime
50
ST-Link V2
52
st-flash Utility
54
Read STM32
54
Write Image
55
Erase Flash
56
Summary
56
Bibliography
56
Chapter 4: GPIO
57
Building miniblink
57
Flashing miniblink
58
miniblink.c Source Code
59
GPIO API
62
GPIO Configuration
64
Input Ports
66
Output Ports
67
Ducks in a Row
69
GPIO Inputs
69
Digital Output, Push/Pull
70
Digital Output, Open Drain
71
GPIO Characteristics
71
Input Voltage Thresholds
73
Output-Voltage Thresholds
73
Programmed Delays
74
The Problem with Programmed Delay
75
Summary
76
Chapter 5: FreeRTOS
77
FreeRTOS Facilities
77
Tasking
78
Message Queues
78
Semaphores and Mutexes
79
Timers
79
Event Groups
80
The blinky2 Program
80
Build and Test blinky2
84
Execution
84
FreeRTOSConfig.h
85
FreeRTOS Naming Convention
87
FreeRTOS Macros
88
Summary
89
Chapter 6: USART
91
USART/UART Peripheral
91
Asynchronous Data
92
USB Serial Adapters
92
Hookup
94
Project uart
95
Project
99
Project uart2
103
USART API
108
Include Files
110
Clocks
110
Configuration
110
DMA
111
Interrupts
111
Input/Output/Status
111
Ducks-in-a-Row
111
FreeRTOS
112
Tasks
112
Queues
113
Summary
114
Chapter 7: USB Serial
115
Blue Pill USB Issue
115
Introduction to USB
117
Pipes and Endpoints
117
USB Serial Device
119
Linux USB Serial Device
119
MacOS USB Serial Device
120
Windows USB Serial Device
121
USB GPIO
121
Demo Source Code
122
cdcacm_set_config()
123
cdc_control_request()
124
cdcacm_data_rx_cb()
125
USB Task
126
USB Receiving
128
USB Sending
128
USB Serial Demo
129
Summary
131
Bibliography
132
Chapter 8: SPI Flash
133
Introducing W25QXX
133
Serial Peripheral Interface Bus
133
Chip Select
135
Wiring and Voltages
135
SPI Circuit
136
Hardware /NSS Control
136
STM32 SPI Configuration
138
SPI Clock Rate
142
SPI Clock Modes
143
Endianess and Word Length
145
SPI I/O
146
Read SR1
146
Waiting for Ready
147
Read Manufacturer ID
148
Writing Flash
149
Flash Erase
151
Reading Flash
154
Demonstration
155
Running the Demo
157
Manufacturer ID
162
Power Down
162
Summary
163
Bibliography
163
Chapter 9: Code Overlays
164
The Linker Challenge
164
MEMORY Section
166
Entry
168
Sections
168
PROVIDE
171
Relocation
171
Defining Overlays
172
Overlay Code
174
Overlay Stubs
176
Overlay Manager
176
VMA and Load Addresses
177
Linker Symbols in Code
178
Overlay Manager Function
179
Overlay Stubs
181
Demonstration
182
Extracting Overlays
183
Upload Overlays to W25Q32
184
Overlay Demo Continued
188
Code Change Trap
190
Summary
190
Bibliography
191
Chapter 10: Real-Time Clock (RTC)
192
Demonstration Projects
192
RTC Using One Interrupt
192
RTC Configuration
193
RTC Clock Source
193
Prescaler
194
Starting Counter Value
194
RTC Flags
194
Interrupt and Setup
195
Interrupt Service Routine
196
Servicing Interrupts
198
Task Notification
198
Mutexes
200
Demonstration
201
UART1 Connections
204
Running the Demo
205
rtc_alarm_isr()
207
EXTI Controller
207
Configuring EXT17
208
Summary
209
Chapter 11: I2C
211
The I2C Bus
211
Master and Slave
212
Start and Stop
212
Data Bits
213
I2C Address
214
I2C Transactions
215
PCF8574 GPIO Extender
216
I2C Circuit
218
The PCF8574 Line
219
PCF8574 Configuration
219
PCF8574 GPIO Drive
221
Wave Shaping
222
Demo Circuit
222
EXTI Interrupt
223
I2C Software
225
Testing I2C Ready
226
Start I2C
227
I2C Write
229
I2C Read
229
I2C Restart
230
Demo Program
231
Demo Session
234
Summary
236
Chapter 12: OLED
238
OLED Display
238
Configuration
239
Display Connections
241
Display Features
241
Demo Schematic
242
AFIO
243
Graphics
245
The Pixmap
247
Pixmap Writing
248
The Meter Software
249
meter_init()
249
meter_set_value()
250
meter_redraw()
250
meter_update()
250
Main Module
251
oled_command()
251
oled_data()
252
oled_reset()
252
oled_init()
252
Demonstration
253
Summary
255
Chapter 13: OLED Using DMA
256
Challenges
256
Circuit
257
DMA Operation
257
DMA Execution
257
DMA Request Signals
258
SPI1_TX Request
262
The Demonstration
262
Initializing DMA
264
Launching DMA
265
OLED SPI/DMA Management Task
266
DMA ISR Routine
269
Restarting DMA Transfers
270
Executing the Demo
271
Further Challenges
273
Summary
274
Chapter 14: Analog-to-Digital Conversion
275
STM32F103C8T6 Resources
275
Demonstration
276
Analog Inputs PA0 and PA1
277
ADC Peripheral Configuration
277
ADC Prescaler
278
ADC Modes
278
Sample Time
278
Readying the ADC
280
Demonstration Run
280
Reading ADC
281
Computing Temperature
282
Voltage Reference
284
Analog Voltages
284
Summary
285
Bibliography
286
Chapter 15: Clock Tree
287
In the Beginning
287
RC Oscillators
288
Crystal Oscillators
289
Oscillator Power
290
Real-time Clock
290
Watchdog Clock
290
System Clock (SYSCLK)
291
SYSCLK and USB
293
AHB Bus
294
rcc_clock_setup_in_hse_8mhz_out_72mhz()
295
APB1 Peripherals
299
APB2 Peripherals
299
Timers
299
rcc_set_mco()
300
HSI Demo
300
HSE Demo
302
PLL ÷ 2 Demo
303
Summary
304
Bibliography
304
Chapter 16: PWM with Timer 2
306
PWM Signals
306
Timer 2
307
PWM Loop
311
Calculating Timer Prescale
311
30 Hz Cycle
312
Servo Hookup
313
Running the Demo
314
PWM on PB3
314
Other Timers
315
More PWM Channels
316
Summary
317
Bibliography
317
Chapter 17: PWM Input with Timer 4
318
The Servo Signal
318
Signal Voltage
319
Demo Project
319
GPIO Configuration
319
Timer 4 Configuration
319
Task1 Loop
321
ISR Routine
322
Demonstration Run
323
Session Output
325
Timer Inputs
326
Summary
328
Chapter 18: CAN Bus
329
The CAN Bus
329
Differential Signals
331
Dominant/Recessive
332
Bus Arbitration
333
Synchronization
334
Message Format
335
STM32 Limitation
336
Demonstration
337
Software Build
337
UART Interface
338
MCU Flashing
338
Demo Bus
339
Session Run
340
CAN Messages
342
Synchronicity
343
Summary
343
Bibliography
343
Chapter 19: CAN Bus Software
344
Initialization
344
can_init()
347
CAN Receive Filters
349
CAN Receive Interrupts
350
Application Receiving
354
Processing the Message
354
Sending CAN Messages
356
Summary
357
Chapter 20: New Projects
358
Project Creation
358
Makefile
359
Macro BINARY
360
Macro SRCFILES
360
Macro LDSCRIPT
361
Macro DEPS
361
Macro CLOBBER
361
Included Makefiles
362
Header Dependencies
362
Compile Options
362
Flashing 128k
363
FreeRTOS
364
rtos/opencm3.c
364
rtos/heap_4.c
365
Required Modules
365
FreeRTOSConfig.h
366
User Libraries
368
Rookie Mistakes
369
Summary
369
Bibliography
369
Chapter 21: Troubleshooting
371
Gnu GDB
371
GDB Server
371
Remote GDB
373
GDB Text User Interface
376
Peripheral GPIO Trouble
377
Alternate Function Fail
378
Peripheral Fail
379
ISR FreeRTOS Crash
379
Stack Overflow
380
Estimating Stack Size
381
When a Debugger Doesn’t Help
381
Push/Pull or Open Drain
382
Peripheral Defects
382
Resources
382
libopencm3
383
FreeRTOS Task Priorities
385
Scheduling Within libopencm3
386
Summary
387
AppendixA: Answers to Exercises
388
Chapter 4
388
Chapter 5
390
Chapter 6
391
Chapter 7
392
Chapter 8
393
Chapter 9
394
Chapter 10
395
Chapter 11
395
Chapter 12
396
Chapter 13
397
Chapter 14
398
Chapter 15
399
Chapter 16
399
Chapter 17
400
Chapter 19
400
Chapter 20
401
Appendix B: STM32F103C8T6 GPIO Pins
402
Index
410